锛屽彛涓暐涓烘劅鍙归亾锛氣鐏佃姖鍟婏紝鏃犲悕鍝ョ浉淇′綘灏嗘潵闀垮ぇ浜嗕竴瀹氬彲浠ユ壘涓釜寰堝ソ鐨勮鍏紝鏃犲悕鍝ユ案杩滈兘鏄綘鐨勬棤鍚嶅摜锛屾槰澶╀笅鍗堟棤鍚嶅摜鎶婁綘浠庢按娼噷鎶卞嚭浠ュ悗锛岃繛閽绘湪鍙栫伀鐨勫姏姘旈兘娌′簡锛岃浣犲張琚喕鐨勬槒杩凤紝鎵互鎵嶄笉寰椾笉鎶婁綘鐨勬箍琛ｈ劚鍘伙紝鏈兂鎶辩潃浣犵粰浣犳殩涓細韬瓙锛屽彲鏄嵈涓嶇煡涓嶈鐫＄潃浜嗭紝鍞夛紝閮芥鏃犲悕涓嶅ソ锛侊拷?
鈥滀笉锛佲鏂圭伒鑺濆惉鍚庢瀬涓哄潥瀹氱殑鍥為亾锛屾姮澶寸湅鍚戞棤鍚嶇殑鐪肩潧宸茬粡鍐嶆鍚弧浜嗘唱姘达細鈥滃鏋滄病鏈夋棤鍚嶅摜锛岀伒鑺濇鏃╁凡缁忔憯姝讳簡锛屽嵆浣挎病鏈夋憯姝讳篃涓畾浼氳鍐绘锛屾棤鍚嶅摜锛岃嚜浠庢垜璁よ瘑浣犵殑閭ｄ竴鍒伙紝浣犻兘涓洿瀵规垜寰堝ソ锛屽苟涓斾竴鐩村湪榛橀粯鐨勫叧蹇冩垜锛岀柤鐖辨垜锛屾洿鏄负浜嗘晳鎴戣涓嶆鎺変笅鎮礀锛岀伒鑺濊櫧鐒惰繕灏忥紝浣嗘槸鐏佃姖鐭ラ亾浠箞鏄劅鎯咃紝浠箞鏄埍锛岀伒鑺濊櫧鐒惰繕灏忥紝浣嗘槸鐏佃姖鐭ラ亾浠ュ悗鍐嶄篃娌℃湁浜轰細鍍忔棤鍚嶅摜杩欎箞鐤肩埍鎴戠殑浜轰簡锛屽敂鍞斿敂鍞--锟
鏂圭伒鑺濊繖涓彞璇濆ソ鍍忓湪蹇冮噷鎲嬩簡寰堜箙涓埇锛岃繖涓埢缁堜簬鍏ㄩ儴鐖嗗彂鍑烘潵锛岃缃箣鍚庡張绱т簡绱т簡鎬腑鏃犲悕鐨勮兂鑶婏紝鍐嶆鍝簡璧锋潵锟
鏃犲悕琚柟鐏佃姖杩欏嚑鍙ヨ瘽璇寸殑鐩寸湪鐪硷紝浠栦粠娌℃湁鎯虫柟鐏佃姖浼氭兂杩欎箞澶氾紝濡傛灉鏄姝ょ殑璇濓紝閭ｆ灄鎬濊浼氭槸鎬庢牱锛熷ス鍙堟槸鎬庢牱鎯崇殑锟
鏃犲悕鐨辩潃鐪夊ご鎬濊璧锋潵锛屼箣鍓嶄粬鐨勫ご鑴戝緢绠崟锛屽鏋楁璇氨鏄姤鎭╋紝鎶婂彾浜戠殑涓浜哄綋浣滆嚜宸辩殑浜蹭汉锛岃浠栬嚜宸卞垯鏄竴鏃犳墍鏈夛紝鏃犲悕鏃犲鍙堟棤瀹讹紝闄や簡鐭ラ亾涓懗瀵硅繖涓ゅ浜哄ソ浠ュ锛屾牴鏈病鏈夋兂鍏朵粬鐨勶紝鏇存病鏈夋兂杩囪寰楀埌浠箞锛屾渶澶氫篃鍙槸寰楀埌鍒汉鐨勮鍙紝浠栧氨宸茬粡闈炲父婊¤冻浜嗭拷?
浣嗘槸锛屾棤鍚嶆鐭ラ亾浠栫殑绐佺劧鍑虹幇锛屽浜庤繖鍙屾柟鏉ヨ锛屾棤鐤戞槸澶╅檷澶╀娇涓埇锛屽洜涓烘棤鍚嶅お鐪熶簡锛屾棤鍚嶇殑娌℃湁鍗婄偣绉佸績锛屾洿鍔犺浠栦滑鎰熻娣辨瓑鏃犲悕锛屾劅鍔ㄦ棤鍚嶏拷?
涓嶅紕鏄翰鎯咃紝鍙嬫儏锛岃繕鏄埍鎯咃紝鍏跺疄閮芥槸鍦ㄨ繖绉嶆綔绉婚粯鍖栦箣涓參鎱㈠崌鍗庤鏉ョ殑锛屽彲鏄棤鍚嶅張宀傝兘鎳傝繖涔堝锛
鐪嬬潃鍝殑闈炲父浼ゅ績鐨勬柟鐏佃姖锛屾棤鍚嶄竴鏃舵棤璇紝杩欎竴鍒讳粬涔熶笉鐭ラ亾璇ヨ浠箞鎵嶅ソ锛屼粬鍞竴鑳藉仛鐨勫氨鏄皢鏂圭伒鑺濇姳鍦ㄦ閲岋紝鐘瑰涓釜鍏勭埗涓埇鐨勮交鎷嶇潃鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鍚庤儗锟
鐩村埌鏂圭伒鑺濆摥澹板噺灏忥紝鏃犲悕鎵嶅彛涓閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鏉ワ紝鎶婅繖浠舵瘺琛┛涓娿锟
鏃犲悕璇寸舰锛屼翰韬敤鎵嬩负鐏佃姖鎾戣捣姣涜～鐨勯鍙ｏ紝涓哄叾绌夸笂锟
鑰屼粬鐨勯偅涓欢鐢ㄦ爲鏋濇帉璧风殑琛～涔熷凡缁忕儤骞诧紝鍙栦笅涔熺┛鍦ㄤ簡韬笂锟
妫夌毊杩樻湁妫夎￥杈冨帤锛屾鏃惰繕鏈夊ぇ閲忕殑钂告苯寰鍐掔潃锟
鏃犲悕鍙堝姞浜嗙偣鏉愶紝鐪嬬潃杩樺湪灏忓０鍝藉捊鐨勬柟鐏佃姖锛屽彛涓閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝浣犲鏋滅疮浜嗗氨鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶅摜鐨勬閲岀潯浼氬惂銆傦拷?
鍙槸鍝煡鏂圭伒鑺濆惉缃㈠拷鐒跺線涓梺鎸簡鎸韩浣擄紝鍙ｄ腑姘旈亾锛氣鎴戞墠涓嶇鐫★紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘浠ュ悗涔熶笉瑕佸啀瀵圭伒鑺濆ソ浜嗭紝瑕佷笉鐒剁伒鑺濆績閲屼細寰堥毦鍙楋紒锟
鏃犲悕椤挎椂涓瑧锛氣涓轰粈涔堬紵锟
鈥滀笉涓轰粈涔堬紝灏辨槸涓嶈銆傗鏂圭伒鑺濇姳鐫嚜宸辩殑鑶濈洊锛屾妸澶存斁鍦ㄥ弻鑶濅箣涓婏紝鐪嬬潃绡濈伀涓ょ溂鍙戝憜锟
鏃犲悕涓湅鍙樼煡閬撴柟鐏佃姖鏄湡鐨勫湪鐢熻嚜宸辩殑姘斾簡锛屽績涓拷鐒朵笅浜嗕釜鍐冲畾锛岃韩浣撳線鏂圭伒鑺濊韩杈规尓浜嗘尓锛屽張灏嗘柟鐏佃姖鎶卞湪浜嗚嚜宸辩殑鎬噷锛岃櫧鐒舵柟鐏佃姖鏈夋墍鍙嶆姉锛屼絾寰堝揩渚垮畨闈欎笅鏉ワ紝鍙槸骞朵笉璇磋瘽锟
鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鏃犲悕鍝ョ粰浣犲啀缁欎綘璁蹭竴涓晠浜嬶紝浣犺兘涓嶈兘绛斿簲鏃犲悕涓嶈鍛婅瘔浠讳綍浜猴紵鈥濇棤鍚嶈〃鎯呯◢寰弗鑲冪殑鍚戞柟鐏佃姖闂亾锟
鏂圭伒鑺濅竴鍚紝绔嬪嵆鍙堟姮璧峰ご鏉ワ紝鐪嬬潃鏃犲悕閭ｈ鐪熺殑闈㈠瓟锛岀枒鎯戠殑閬擄細鈥滀负浠箞锛熸棦鐒舵槸鏁呬簨锛屼负浠箞鍙堜笉鑳借鍒汉鐭ラ亾锛燂拷?
姝ゆ椂鏃犲悕鐨勮￥瀛愪篃宸茬粡琚儤骞诧紝璁╂柟鐏佃姖韬哄湪鑷繁鐨勮吙涓婏紝浠栫殑鍙屾墜杩樺湪缁х画涓烘柟鐏佃姖鐑樼儰鐫琛ｏ紝鍙ｄ腑璇撮亾锛氣杩欎笉鍙槸鏁呬簨锛屼篃鏄綘鏃犲悕鍝ョ殑缁忓巻锛岀幇鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶅摜鎵撶畻鎶婅嚜宸辩殑浜嬮兘鍛婅瘔浣狅紝浣犲彲浠ヤ负鏃犲悕鍝ユ案杩滅殑淇濆畧杩欎釜绉樺瘑鍚楋紵锟
鏂圭伒鑺濅话鐫劯锛屽潗鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶇殑鑵夸笂锛屾灂鐫棤鍚嶅潥瀹炵殑鍙宠噦锛岀湅鐫棤鍚嶉偅琚瘽鐏槧琛殑鍙戠孩鐨勮劯鑶拰閭ｅ弻鐣ュ甫鍝剚鐨勭溂鐫涳紝鍑虹鐨勫嚌鏈涜涔咃紝鐒跺悗鎵嶇嫚鐙犵殑鐐逛簡鐐瑰ご锛屽彛涓鐪熺殑璇撮亾锛氣鍡紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘鏀惧績锛屾垜涓畾涓嶄細鍛婅瘔鍒汉鐨勶紝浣犵殑鏁呬簨鏄垜浠袱涓汉鐨勭瀵嗐锟
鏃犲悕杩欐墠鍚戞柟鐏佃姖寰瑧閬擄細鈥滃叾瀹炴棤鍚嶅摜鏉ヨ繖鍩庡競杩樹笉涓釜鏈堬紝涔嬫墍浠ュ洖鍒拌繖涓煄甯傦紝閭ｆ槸鍥犱负鍗佸勾鍓嶆垜鏈氨鏄湪杩欎釜鍩庡競鐢熸椿鐫殑锛岄偅鏄垜杩樻槸涓皬涔炰笎锛屾槸涓釜琚粍鑻辨敹鍏荤殑鐦革拷?--锟
鏃犲悕璇︾粏鐨勬妸鑷繁鐨勬墍鏈夎韩浜嬮兘鍛婅瘔浜嗘柟鐏佃姖锛岃鏂圭伒鑺濆垯鏄竴鐩存湭璇紝鍙槸濂圭殑蹇冨嵈鍦ㄩ殢鐫棤鍚嶇殑璇棰ゆ姈鐫拷?
褰撴棤鍚嶈鍒拌嚜宸卞ぇ骞翠笁鍗佽鎵撻璺戝樊鐐归タ姝诲喕姝讳箣鏃讹紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鐪兼唱宸茬粡鎵撴箍浜嗘棤鍚嶅垰鍒氱儤骞茬殑榛戣壊琛～锟
鍙槸褰撴棤鍚嶈鍒版湁涓釜鍙璇殑濂冲瀛愪负浠栭浜嗕笁娆″悆鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鏂圭伒鑺濆張娆㈠揩璧锋潵锛屽ス鐨勫績涓櫧鐒跺凡缁忔湁浜嗙枒闂紝浣嗗苟娌℃湁鎵撴柇鏃犲悕鐨勮杩帮拷?
鐩村埌鏃犲悕璇村埌琚埛鐖锋晳璧帮紝涔嬪悗鍙堣窡鐖风埛璧伴亶浜嗗ぇ姹熷崡鍖楋紝娣卞北鑰佹潙锛屾棦瀛﹀姛澶張璁ㄩキ锛岃櫧鑻﹀嵈寰堝垢绂忎箣鏃讹紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鑴镐笂涔熷嚭鐜颁簡骞哥鐨勮〃鎯咃拷?
鑰屾棤鍚嶅洖蹇嗚繃鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛岃。鏈嶄篃閮藉凡缁忕浉缁х儤骞诧紝浜屼汉涓欢浠剁殑娣诲姞鐫拷?
姝ゆ椂锛屾棤鍚嶇殑鎬濈华宸茬粡鍥炲埌浜嗕簩鍗佸ぉ浠ュ墠锛屼笉鐢辩殑鍋滀簡涓嬫潵锛屼綆澶寸湅浜嗙湅鏂圭伒鑺濓紝涓嶇敱鐨勯】鏃朵竴鎯婏紝鍥犱负鏂圭伒鑺濊繕鍦ㄥぇ鐪肩灙灏忕溂鐨勭湅鐫棤鍚嶏紝閭ｇ溂绁炰技涔庡湪璇达細浣犳涔堝仠涓嬫潵锛燂拷?
鈥滀綘杩樹笉纾曠潯鍚楋紵鈥濇棤鍚嶉棶閬擄拷?
鏃犲悕杩欒瘽涓棶鍑猴紝鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏃朵竴鎯婏紝濂圭殑绁炴儏涔熷綋鍗抽殢鐫棤鍚嶆缁殑鍋滄鑰屾殫娣′笅鏉ワ紝涓嶇敱鐨勫洶鎰忎笂娑岋紝涓ょ溂鎵撴灦锛屽井寰殑鐐逛簡鐐瑰ご锛屽彛涓皬澹扮殑璇撮亾锛氣鏃犲悕鍝ワ紝绛夋垜浼戞伅涓笅锛屼綘杩樼粰鎴戠户缁鍙互鍚楋紵锟
鈥滃棷锛屼綘鏀惧績鍚э紝蹇偣鐫★紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ篃纾曠潯浜嗐鈥濇棤鍚嶅彛涓洖閬擄拷?
#锟鏂圭伒鑺濇妸澶翠竴鍋忥紝鍊掑湪浜嗘棤鍚嶇殑鎬腑锟
#锟鑰岃繖鏃讹紝鏃犲悕鎵嶆姮澶存湜澶╋紝鍙戠幇澶╁凡缁忔笎浜紝鎷胯捣韬梺鐨勬嫄鏉栵紝鎶辩潃鏂圭伒鑺濆氨鐩磋捣浜嗚韩浣擄紝鐢ㄧ伆娌夊皢鐏嫋鍘嬬伃锛屽張鎶婂帤鍘氱殑鏍戝彾鐩栧湪涓婇潰锛屼竴鍒囧張鎭㈠浜嗗師鏉ョ殑鏍峰瓙锛屼技涔庝粠娌℃湁鏉ヨ繃浜轰竴鑸紝涓垏閮芥槸閭ｄ箞鐨勫畨闈欙拷?
澶ц笍姝ョ殑娌跨潃灞辨矡鍚戣繙澶勮蛋鍘伙紝宸﹁噦鑶瀛愬脊鎵撶┛鐨勪激鍙ｈ繕鍦ㄤ綔鐥涳紝浣嗗浜庢棤鍚嶆潵璇达紝杩欏凡缁忕畻鏄皬浼や簡锛屼粬浠殑韬殣涔熸笎娓愮殑娑堝け鍦ㄥ北娌熶箣鍐咃拷?
鑰屼粬浠垰璧版病澶氫箙锛屼究浼犳潵浜嗕竴闃电洿鍗囨満鐨勮灪鏃嬫〃鐮寸┖澹帮拷?
绗崄锟 鍏荤梾鐨勫鎴挎梾锟
鏂圭伒鑺濆湪鐫℃ⅵ涓鏃犲悕鎶辩潃绂诲紑锛屽綋濂归啋鏉ョ殑鏃跺锛屽彂鐜拌嚜宸辨韬哄湪涓棿鐫℃埧閲岋紝鎴块棿鍥涘娲佺櫧锛屽簥瀵归潰鏈夊彴浜屽崄鍥涘鐨勫僵鑹茬數瑙嗘満鍜屼竴鍙板奖纰熸満锛屽簥澶磋繕鏈夊彴鐢佃瘽锛岃鏃犲悕姝ｈ洞鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑搴婅竟鐫＄潃锟
鍙槸濂瑰垰涓壄鍔ㄨ韩浣擄紝鏃犲悕渚跨珛鍗虫儕閱掞紝褰撻偅鐤叉儷鐨勭溂鐪煎彂鐜版柟鐏佃姖閱掓潵涔嬫椂锛岄】鏃跺彉鐨勬槑浜捣鏉ワ紝鍙ｄ腑鎬ラ亾锛氣鐏佃姖锛屼綘閱掍簡锛燂拷?
鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏄笉瑙ｏ紝鐤戞儜鐨勯棶閬擄細鈥滄垜鐫＄殑寰堜箙鍚楋紵鍝庡憖锛屾垜鐨勫ご鎬庝箞杩欎箞娌夛紵锟
鈥滃揩韬轰笅锛佲鏃犲悕鎬ュ繖鍙堝皢妫夎寰柟鐏佃姖鐨勮韩浣撹９浜嗚９锟
鈥滄棤鍚嶅摜锛屼綘鐨勭溂濂界孩锛佲鏂圭伒鑺濆畨闈欑殑韬轰笅浜嗭紝鐪嬬潃鏃犲悕绱у紶鐨勭鎯咃紝蹇冧腑涓嶇敱鐨勪竴闃靛彂閰革拷?
鈥滄垜娌′簨锛屼綘鍏堝吇濂借韩浣撳啀璇达紝浣犵煡閬撳悧锛熶綘閮藉凡缁忔槒杩蜂竴澶╀竴澶滀簡锛屼粠鏄ㄥぉ鏃╀笂鎴戞妸浣犳姳鍥炴潵锛屼竴鐩村埌浠婂ぉ鐜板湪鎵嶉啋锛岄兘鐑у埌鍥涘崄搴︿簡銆傗鏃犲悕閭ｄ弗鑲冪殑琛ㄦ儏涓弧鏄媴蹇т箣鑹诧拷?
鍝煡鏂圭伒鑺濆惉缃㈠嵈鏄樋鍢夸竴绗戯細鈥滄垜涓嶆锛屽洜涓烘湁鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘鍦ㄦ垜韬竟鍛紒锟
鏃犲悕鍚悗椤挎劅鏃犺锛氣鐪熶笉鐭ラ亾璇ユ涔堣浣犳墠濂斤紵涓嶈繃涔熼兘鎬垜锛岄偅涔堝喎鐨勫ぉ杩樿缁欎綘璁蹭粈涔堟晠浜嬶紝涓嬫涓畾涓嶈兘杩欐牱浜嗐锟
鏃犲悕鎸犱簡鎸犲ご锛屽潗鍦ㄤ簡鏂圭伒鑺濈殑搴婅竟锛岀户缁閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鎴戜滑鐜板湪鍦ㄤ竴瀹舵梾绀鹃噷锛屼綘鏆傛椂涔熶笉瑕佺粰浣犲浜烘墦鐢佃瘽锛屾洿涓嶈鍛婅瘔鍏朵粬浜烘垜浠兘娌′簨锛岀煡閬撳悧锛燂拷?
鈥滀负浠箞鍛紵涓轰粈涔堣繛鐖稿閮戒笉鑳藉憡璇夛紵鈥濇棤鍚嶄竴鎻愮埗姣嶏紝鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏃剁毐涓婄湁澶达拷?
鈥滃洜涓烘垜浠笉鑳借閭ｄ簺瑕佹潃鎴戜滑鐨勪汉鐭ラ亾鎴戜滑杩樻椿鐫紝瑕佽浠栦滑浠ヤ负鎴戜滑閮藉凡缁忔浜嗭紝濡傛灉浣犲憡璇変簡浣犵殑鐖舵瘝锛岄偅浜涘潖浜轰篃涓畾鍙互鐪嬪嚭鍏朵腑鏈変笉瀵圭殑鍦版柟锛屽苟涓斾細鏈夋墍鍑嗗锛屽鎴戜滑鐨勪笅姝ヨ鍔ㄥ緢涓嶅埄鐨勩锟
鈥滈偅寰楃瓑鍒颁粈涔堟椂鍊欙紵鐖稿涓畾浼氭媴蹇冩鐨勩锟
鈥滅瓑杩囦袱澶╁惂锛屽洜涓鸿繖涓夊ぉ灞炰簬鍏抽敭鏈燂紝绛変笁澶╀竴杩囷紝灏变細娌′簨鐨勶紝涓嶈鏄鏂癸紝杩樻槸鐜嬫尝鍜岄粍鑻憋紝浠栦滑閮戒細鏀炬澗涓嬫潵鐨勩锟
鈥滃摝锛屾棤鍚嶅摜锛屼綘璇翠笅姝ヨ鍔ㄦ槸浠箞鍛紵闅鹃亾鏄垜浠竴璧峰悧锛熷彲鏄垜浠箞閮藉府涓嶄簡浣犲憖锛熲鏂圭伒鑺濈湪鐫咖閮佽埇鐨勫弻鐪硷紝浠旂粏鐨勭洴鐫棤鍚嶏拷?
鈥滀綘鍙蹇偣濂借捣鏉ュ氨鏄府鎴戝暒锛侀タ涓嶉タ锛熷鏋滈タ鐨勮瘽锛屾垜鎵撹瘽鐢电粰浣犲彨鐐瑰悆鐨勩鈥濇棤鍚嶇瑧閬擄拷?
鎻愬埌鍚冪殑锛屾柟鐏佃姖椤胯鑵规棤鐗╋紝楗ラタ绔嬬幇锛屽彛涓瑧閬擄細鈥滆繕鐪熸湁鐐归タ浜嗭紝鍛靛懙鍛点锟
鏃犲悕杩欐墠闀垮嚭涓彛姘旓紝绔嬪嵆鎷ㄩ浜嗘梾绀炬鏈虹數璇濓紝缁欐柟鐏佃姖鍙簡涓楦¤泲姹わ紝澶栧彟涓や釜楦¤泲锟
瀵逛簬鍒氬ソ鐨勭梾浜猴紝鏃犲悕涔熺煡閬撲笉鑳介┈涓婂氨鍚冧竴浜涙补鑵荤殑椋熺墿锛屾墍浠ヤ篃灏变唬鏂圭伒鑺濆仛涓诲彨椁愶拷?
绛夋墍鏈夌殑椋熺墿涓嬭倸锛屾柟鐏佃姖浼间箮鍙堟潵浜嗙簿绁烇紝鍙槸濂瑰嵈鍙戠幇鏃犲悕宸茬粡瓒村湪鑷繁鐨勫簥杈圭潯鐫簡锟
鏂圭伒鑺濇濡傚ス鑷繁鎵鐨勯偅鏍凤紝骞寸邯铏界劧涓嶅ぇ锛屼絾鍗佷簲宀侊紝宸茬粡瓒冲鎳傚緱寰堝鐨勯亾鐞嗕簡锟
涓洿浠ユ潵锛屾棤鍚嶅湪浠栦滑鐨勭溂閲岄兘鏄棤姣旂殑绮剧锛屾矇闈欎腑閫忛湶鐫粷瀵圭殑鍧氬己锛屼粠鏉ユ病鏈夎剢寮辩殑鏃跺锛屽彲鏄鏃跺嵈姝ｅ畨闈欑殑瓒村湪浜嗗ス鐨勫簥杈癸紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鐪肩潧鍐嶆婀挎鼎浜嗭拷?
鈥滄棤鍚嶏紝灏嗘潵鎴戦暱澶т簡锛屼竴瀹氫
鈥滀笉锛佲鏂圭伒鑺濆惉鍚庢瀬涓哄潥瀹氱殑鍥為亾锛屾姮澶寸湅鍚戞棤鍚嶇殑鐪肩潧宸茬粡鍐嶆鍚弧浜嗘唱姘达細鈥滃鏋滄病鏈夋棤鍚嶅摜锛岀伒鑺濇鏃╁凡缁忔憯姝讳簡锛屽嵆浣挎病鏈夋憯姝讳篃涓畾浼氳鍐绘锛屾棤鍚嶅摜锛岃嚜浠庢垜璁よ瘑浣犵殑閭ｄ竴鍒伙紝浣犻兘涓洿瀵规垜寰堝ソ锛屽苟涓斾竴鐩村湪榛橀粯鐨勫叧蹇冩垜锛岀柤鐖辨垜锛屾洿鏄负浜嗘晳鎴戣涓嶆鎺変笅鎮礀锛岀伒鑺濊櫧鐒惰繕灏忥紝浣嗘槸鐏佃姖鐭ラ亾浠箞鏄劅鎯咃紝浠箞鏄埍锛岀伒鑺濊櫧鐒惰繕灏忥紝浣嗘槸鐏佃姖鐭ラ亾浠ュ悗鍐嶄篃娌℃湁浜轰細鍍忔棤鍚嶅摜杩欎箞鐤肩埍鎴戠殑浜轰簡锛屽敂鍞斿敂鍞--锟
鏂圭伒鑺濊繖涓彞璇濆ソ鍍忓湪蹇冮噷鎲嬩簡寰堜箙涓埇锛岃繖涓埢缁堜簬鍏ㄩ儴鐖嗗彂鍑烘潵锛岃缃箣鍚庡張绱т簡绱т簡鎬腑鏃犲悕鐨勮兂鑶婏紝鍐嶆鍝簡璧锋潵锟
鏃犲悕琚柟鐏佃姖杩欏嚑鍙ヨ瘽璇寸殑鐩寸湪鐪硷紝浠栦粠娌℃湁鎯虫柟鐏佃姖浼氭兂杩欎箞澶氾紝濡傛灉鏄姝ょ殑璇濓紝閭ｆ灄鎬濊浼氭槸鎬庢牱锛熷ス鍙堟槸鎬庢牱鎯崇殑锟
鏃犲悕鐨辩潃鐪夊ご鎬濊璧锋潵锛屼箣鍓嶄粬鐨勫ご鑴戝緢绠崟锛屽鏋楁璇氨鏄姤鎭╋紝鎶婂彾浜戠殑涓浜哄綋浣滆嚜宸辩殑浜蹭汉锛岃浠栬嚜宸卞垯鏄竴鏃犳墍鏈夛紝鏃犲悕鏃犲鍙堟棤瀹讹紝闄や簡鐭ラ亾涓懗瀵硅繖涓ゅ浜哄ソ浠ュ锛屾牴鏈病鏈夋兂鍏朵粬鐨勶紝鏇存病鏈夋兂杩囪寰楀埌浠箞锛屾渶澶氫篃鍙槸寰楀埌鍒汉鐨勮鍙紝浠栧氨宸茬粡闈炲父婊¤冻浜嗭拷?
浣嗘槸锛屾棤鍚嶆鐭ラ亾浠栫殑绐佺劧鍑虹幇锛屽浜庤繖鍙屾柟鏉ヨ锛屾棤鐤戞槸澶╅檷澶╀娇涓埇锛屽洜涓烘棤鍚嶅お鐪熶簡锛屾棤鍚嶇殑娌℃湁鍗婄偣绉佸績锛屾洿鍔犺浠栦滑鎰熻娣辨瓑鏃犲悕锛屾劅鍔ㄦ棤鍚嶏拷?
涓嶅紕鏄翰鎯咃紝鍙嬫儏锛岃繕鏄埍鎯咃紝鍏跺疄閮芥槸鍦ㄨ繖绉嶆綔绉婚粯鍖栦箣涓參鎱㈠崌鍗庤鏉ョ殑锛屽彲鏄棤鍚嶅張宀傝兘鎳傝繖涔堝锛
鐪嬬潃鍝殑闈炲父浼ゅ績鐨勬柟鐏佃姖锛屾棤鍚嶄竴鏃舵棤璇紝杩欎竴鍒讳粬涔熶笉鐭ラ亾璇ヨ浠箞鎵嶅ソ锛屼粬鍞竴鑳藉仛鐨勫氨鏄皢鏂圭伒鑺濇姳鍦ㄦ閲岋紝鐘瑰涓釜鍏勭埗涓埇鐨勮交鎷嶇潃鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鍚庤儗锟
鐩村埌鏂圭伒鑺濆摥澹板噺灏忥紝鏃犲悕鎵嶅彛涓閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鏉ワ紝鎶婅繖浠舵瘺琛┛涓娿锟
鏃犲悕璇寸舰锛屼翰韬敤鎵嬩负鐏佃姖鎾戣捣姣涜～鐨勯鍙ｏ紝涓哄叾绌夸笂锟
鑰屼粬鐨勯偅涓欢鐢ㄦ爲鏋濇帉璧风殑琛～涔熷凡缁忕儤骞诧紝鍙栦笅涔熺┛鍦ㄤ簡韬笂锟
妫夌毊杩樻湁妫夎￥杈冨帤锛屾鏃惰繕鏈夊ぇ閲忕殑钂告苯寰鍐掔潃锟
鏃犲悕鍙堝姞浜嗙偣鏉愶紝鐪嬬潃杩樺湪灏忓０鍝藉捊鐨勬柟鐏佃姖锛屽彛涓閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝浣犲鏋滅疮浜嗗氨鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶅摜鐨勬閲岀潯浼氬惂銆傦拷?
鍙槸鍝煡鏂圭伒鑺濆惉缃㈠拷鐒跺線涓梺鎸簡鎸韩浣擄紝鍙ｄ腑姘旈亾锛氣鎴戞墠涓嶇鐫★紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘浠ュ悗涔熶笉瑕佸啀瀵圭伒鑺濆ソ浜嗭紝瑕佷笉鐒剁伒鑺濆績閲屼細寰堥毦鍙楋紒锟
鏃犲悕椤挎椂涓瑧锛氣涓轰粈涔堬紵锟
鈥滀笉涓轰粈涔堬紝灏辨槸涓嶈銆傗鏂圭伒鑺濇姳鐫嚜宸辩殑鑶濈洊锛屾妸澶存斁鍦ㄥ弻鑶濅箣涓婏紝鐪嬬潃绡濈伀涓ょ溂鍙戝憜锟
鏃犲悕涓湅鍙樼煡閬撴柟鐏佃姖鏄湡鐨勫湪鐢熻嚜宸辩殑姘斾簡锛屽績涓拷鐒朵笅浜嗕釜鍐冲畾锛岃韩浣撳線鏂圭伒鑺濊韩杈规尓浜嗘尓锛屽張灏嗘柟鐏佃姖鎶卞湪浜嗚嚜宸辩殑鎬噷锛岃櫧鐒舵柟鐏佃姖鏈夋墍鍙嶆姉锛屼絾寰堝揩渚垮畨闈欎笅鏉ワ紝鍙槸骞朵笉璇磋瘽锟
鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鏃犲悕鍝ョ粰浣犲啀缁欎綘璁蹭竴涓晠浜嬶紝浣犺兘涓嶈兘绛斿簲鏃犲悕涓嶈鍛婅瘔浠讳綍浜猴紵鈥濇棤鍚嶈〃鎯呯◢寰弗鑲冪殑鍚戞柟鐏佃姖闂亾锟
鏂圭伒鑺濅竴鍚紝绔嬪嵆鍙堟姮璧峰ご鏉ワ紝鐪嬬潃鏃犲悕閭ｈ鐪熺殑闈㈠瓟锛岀枒鎯戠殑閬擄細鈥滀负浠箞锛熸棦鐒舵槸鏁呬簨锛屼负浠箞鍙堜笉鑳借鍒汉鐭ラ亾锛燂拷?
姝ゆ椂鏃犲悕鐨勮￥瀛愪篃宸茬粡琚儤骞诧紝璁╂柟鐏佃姖韬哄湪鑷繁鐨勮吙涓婏紝浠栫殑鍙屾墜杩樺湪缁х画涓烘柟鐏佃姖鐑樼儰鐫琛ｏ紝鍙ｄ腑璇撮亾锛氣杩欎笉鍙槸鏁呬簨锛屼篃鏄綘鏃犲悕鍝ョ殑缁忓巻锛岀幇鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶅摜鎵撶畻鎶婅嚜宸辩殑浜嬮兘鍛婅瘔浣狅紝浣犲彲浠ヤ负鏃犲悕鍝ユ案杩滅殑淇濆畧杩欎釜绉樺瘑鍚楋紵锟
鏂圭伒鑺濅话鐫劯锛屽潗鍦ㄦ棤鍚嶇殑鑵夸笂锛屾灂鐫棤鍚嶅潥瀹炵殑鍙宠噦锛岀湅鐫棤鍚嶉偅琚瘽鐏槧琛殑鍙戠孩鐨勮劯鑶拰閭ｅ弻鐣ュ甫鍝剚鐨勭溂鐫涳紝鍑虹鐨勫嚌鏈涜涔咃紝鐒跺悗鎵嶇嫚鐙犵殑鐐逛簡鐐瑰ご锛屽彛涓鐪熺殑璇撮亾锛氣鍡紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘鏀惧績锛屾垜涓畾涓嶄細鍛婅瘔鍒汉鐨勶紝浣犵殑鏁呬簨鏄垜浠袱涓汉鐨勭瀵嗐锟
鏃犲悕杩欐墠鍚戞柟鐏佃姖寰瑧閬擄細鈥滃叾瀹炴棤鍚嶅摜鏉ヨ繖鍩庡競杩樹笉涓釜鏈堬紝涔嬫墍浠ュ洖鍒拌繖涓煄甯傦紝閭ｆ槸鍥犱负鍗佸勾鍓嶆垜鏈氨鏄湪杩欎釜鍩庡競鐢熸椿鐫殑锛岄偅鏄垜杩樻槸涓皬涔炰笎锛屾槸涓釜琚粍鑻辨敹鍏荤殑鐦革拷?--锟
鏃犲悕璇︾粏鐨勬妸鑷繁鐨勬墍鏈夎韩浜嬮兘鍛婅瘔浜嗘柟鐏佃姖锛岃鏂圭伒鑺濆垯鏄竴鐩存湭璇紝鍙槸濂圭殑蹇冨嵈鍦ㄩ殢鐫棤鍚嶇殑璇棰ゆ姈鐫拷?
褰撴棤鍚嶈鍒拌嚜宸卞ぇ骞翠笁鍗佽鎵撻璺戝樊鐐归タ姝诲喕姝讳箣鏃讹紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鐪兼唱宸茬粡鎵撴箍浜嗘棤鍚嶅垰鍒氱儤骞茬殑榛戣壊琛～锟
鍙槸褰撴棤鍚嶈鍒版湁涓釜鍙璇殑濂冲瀛愪负浠栭浜嗕笁娆″悆鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鏂圭伒鑺濆張娆㈠揩璧锋潵锛屽ス鐨勫績涓櫧鐒跺凡缁忔湁浜嗙枒闂紝浣嗗苟娌℃湁鎵撴柇鏃犲悕鐨勮杩帮拷?
鐩村埌鏃犲悕璇村埌琚埛鐖锋晳璧帮紝涔嬪悗鍙堣窡鐖风埛璧伴亶浜嗗ぇ姹熷崡鍖楋紝娣卞北鑰佹潙锛屾棦瀛﹀姛澶張璁ㄩキ锛岃櫧鑻﹀嵈寰堝垢绂忎箣鏃讹紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鑴镐笂涔熷嚭鐜颁簡骞哥鐨勮〃鎯咃拷?
鑰屾棤鍚嶅洖蹇嗚繃鐨勮繃绋嬩腑锛岃。鏈嶄篃閮藉凡缁忕浉缁х儤骞诧紝浜屼汉涓欢浠剁殑娣诲姞鐫拷?
姝ゆ椂锛屾棤鍚嶇殑鎬濈华宸茬粡鍥炲埌浜嗕簩鍗佸ぉ浠ュ墠锛屼笉鐢辩殑鍋滀簡涓嬫潵锛屼綆澶寸湅浜嗙湅鏂圭伒鑺濓紝涓嶇敱鐨勯】鏃朵竴鎯婏紝鍥犱负鏂圭伒鑺濊繕鍦ㄥぇ鐪肩灙灏忕溂鐨勭湅鐫棤鍚嶏紝閭ｇ溂绁炰技涔庡湪璇达細浣犳涔堝仠涓嬫潵锛燂拷?
鈥滀綘杩樹笉纾曠潯鍚楋紵鈥濇棤鍚嶉棶閬擄拷?
鏃犲悕杩欒瘽涓棶鍑猴紝鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏃朵竴鎯婏紝濂圭殑绁炴儏涔熷綋鍗抽殢鐫棤鍚嶆缁殑鍋滄鑰屾殫娣′笅鏉ワ紝涓嶇敱鐨勫洶鎰忎笂娑岋紝涓ょ溂鎵撴灦锛屽井寰殑鐐逛簡鐐瑰ご锛屽彛涓皬澹扮殑璇撮亾锛氣鏃犲悕鍝ワ紝绛夋垜浼戞伅涓笅锛屼綘杩樼粰鎴戠户缁鍙互鍚楋紵锟
鈥滃棷锛屼綘鏀惧績鍚э紝蹇偣鐫★紝鏃犲悕鍝ヤ篃纾曠潯浜嗐鈥濇棤鍚嶅彛涓洖閬擄拷?
#锟鏂圭伒鑺濇妸澶翠竴鍋忥紝鍊掑湪浜嗘棤鍚嶇殑鎬腑锟
#锟鑰岃繖鏃讹紝鏃犲悕鎵嶆姮澶存湜澶╋紝鍙戠幇澶╁凡缁忔笎浜紝鎷胯捣韬梺鐨勬嫄鏉栵紝鎶辩潃鏂圭伒鑺濆氨鐩磋捣浜嗚韩浣擄紝鐢ㄧ伆娌夊皢鐏嫋鍘嬬伃锛屽張鎶婂帤鍘氱殑鏍戝彾鐩栧湪涓婇潰锛屼竴鍒囧張鎭㈠浜嗗師鏉ョ殑鏍峰瓙锛屼技涔庝粠娌℃湁鏉ヨ繃浜轰竴鑸紝涓垏閮芥槸閭ｄ箞鐨勫畨闈欙拷?
澶ц笍姝ョ殑娌跨潃灞辨矡鍚戣繙澶勮蛋鍘伙紝宸﹁噦鑶瀛愬脊鎵撶┛鐨勪激鍙ｈ繕鍦ㄤ綔鐥涳紝浣嗗浜庢棤鍚嶆潵璇达紝杩欏凡缁忕畻鏄皬浼や簡锛屼粬浠殑韬殣涔熸笎娓愮殑娑堝け鍦ㄥ北娌熶箣鍐咃拷?
鑰屼粬浠垰璧版病澶氫箙锛屼究浼犳潵浜嗕竴闃电洿鍗囨満鐨勮灪鏃嬫〃鐮寸┖澹帮拷?
绗崄锟 鍏荤梾鐨勫鎴挎梾锟
鏂圭伒鑺濆湪鐫℃ⅵ涓鏃犲悕鎶辩潃绂诲紑锛屽綋濂归啋鏉ョ殑鏃跺锛屽彂鐜拌嚜宸辨韬哄湪涓棿鐫℃埧閲岋紝鎴块棿鍥涘娲佺櫧锛屽簥瀵归潰鏈夊彴浜屽崄鍥涘鐨勫僵鑹茬數瑙嗘満鍜屼竴鍙板奖纰熸満锛屽簥澶磋繕鏈夊彴鐢佃瘽锛岃鏃犲悕姝ｈ洞鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑搴婅竟鐫＄潃锟
鍙槸濂瑰垰涓壄鍔ㄨ韩浣擄紝鏃犲悕渚跨珛鍗虫儕閱掞紝褰撻偅鐤叉儷鐨勭溂鐪煎彂鐜版柟鐏佃姖閱掓潵涔嬫椂锛岄】鏃跺彉鐨勬槑浜捣鏉ワ紝鍙ｄ腑鎬ラ亾锛氣鐏佃姖锛屼綘閱掍簡锛燂拷?
鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏄笉瑙ｏ紝鐤戞儜鐨勯棶閬擄細鈥滄垜鐫＄殑寰堜箙鍚楋紵鍝庡憖锛屾垜鐨勫ご鎬庝箞杩欎箞娌夛紵锟
鈥滃揩韬轰笅锛佲鏃犲悕鎬ュ繖鍙堝皢妫夎寰柟鐏佃姖鐨勮韩浣撹９浜嗚９锟
鈥滄棤鍚嶅摜锛屼綘鐨勭溂濂界孩锛佲鏂圭伒鑺濆畨闈欑殑韬轰笅浜嗭紝鐪嬬潃鏃犲悕绱у紶鐨勭鎯咃紝蹇冧腑涓嶇敱鐨勪竴闃靛彂閰革拷?
鈥滄垜娌′簨锛屼綘鍏堝吇濂借韩浣撳啀璇达紝浣犵煡閬撳悧锛熶綘閮藉凡缁忔槒杩蜂竴澶╀竴澶滀簡锛屼粠鏄ㄥぉ鏃╀笂鎴戞妸浣犳姳鍥炴潵锛屼竴鐩村埌浠婂ぉ鐜板湪鎵嶉啋锛岄兘鐑у埌鍥涘崄搴︿簡銆傗鏃犲悕閭ｄ弗鑲冪殑琛ㄦ儏涓弧鏄媴蹇т箣鑹诧拷?
鍝煡鏂圭伒鑺濆惉缃㈠嵈鏄樋鍢夸竴绗戯細鈥滄垜涓嶆锛屽洜涓烘湁鏃犲悕鍝ヤ綘鍦ㄦ垜韬竟鍛紒锟
鏃犲悕鍚悗椤挎劅鏃犺锛氣鐪熶笉鐭ラ亾璇ユ涔堣浣犳墠濂斤紵涓嶈繃涔熼兘鎬垜锛岄偅涔堝喎鐨勫ぉ杩樿缁欎綘璁蹭粈涔堟晠浜嬶紝涓嬫涓畾涓嶈兘杩欐牱浜嗐锟
鏃犲悕鎸犱簡鎸犲ご锛屽潗鍦ㄤ簡鏂圭伒鑺濈殑搴婅竟锛岀户缁閬擄細鈥滅伒鑺濓紝鎴戜滑鐜板湪鍦ㄤ竴瀹舵梾绀鹃噷锛屼綘鏆傛椂涔熶笉瑕佺粰浣犲浜烘墦鐢佃瘽锛屾洿涓嶈鍛婅瘔鍏朵粬浜烘垜浠兘娌′簨锛岀煡閬撳悧锛燂拷?
鈥滀负浠箞鍛紵涓轰粈涔堣繛鐖稿閮戒笉鑳藉憡璇夛紵鈥濇棤鍚嶄竴鎻愮埗姣嶏紝鏂圭伒鑺濋】鏃剁毐涓婄湁澶达拷?
鈥滃洜涓烘垜浠笉鑳借閭ｄ簺瑕佹潃鎴戜滑鐨勪汉鐭ラ亾鎴戜滑杩樻椿鐫紝瑕佽浠栦滑浠ヤ负鎴戜滑閮藉凡缁忔浜嗭紝濡傛灉浣犲憡璇変簡浣犵殑鐖舵瘝锛岄偅浜涘潖浜轰篃涓畾鍙互鐪嬪嚭鍏朵腑鏈変笉瀵圭殑鍦版柟锛屽苟涓斾細鏈夋墍鍑嗗锛屽鎴戜滑鐨勪笅姝ヨ鍔ㄥ緢涓嶅埄鐨勩锟
鈥滈偅寰楃瓑鍒颁粈涔堟椂鍊欙紵鐖稿涓畾浼氭媴蹇冩鐨勩锟
鈥滅瓑杩囦袱澶╁惂锛屽洜涓鸿繖涓夊ぉ灞炰簬鍏抽敭鏈燂紝绛変笁澶╀竴杩囷紝灏变細娌′簨鐨勶紝涓嶈鏄鏂癸紝杩樻槸鐜嬫尝鍜岄粍鑻憋紝浠栦滑閮戒細鏀炬澗涓嬫潵鐨勩锟
鈥滃摝锛屾棤鍚嶅摜锛屼綘璇翠笅姝ヨ鍔ㄦ槸浠箞鍛紵闅鹃亾鏄垜浠竴璧峰悧锛熷彲鏄垜浠箞閮藉府涓嶄簡浣犲憖锛熲鏂圭伒鑺濈湪鐫咖閮佽埇鐨勫弻鐪硷紝浠旂粏鐨勭洴鐫棤鍚嶏拷?
鈥滀綘鍙蹇偣濂借捣鏉ュ氨鏄府鎴戝暒锛侀タ涓嶉タ锛熷鏋滈タ鐨勮瘽锛屾垜鎵撹瘽鐢电粰浣犲彨鐐瑰悆鐨勩鈥濇棤鍚嶇瑧閬擄拷?
鎻愬埌鍚冪殑锛屾柟鐏佃姖椤胯鑵规棤鐗╋紝楗ラタ绔嬬幇锛屽彛涓瑧閬擄細鈥滆繕鐪熸湁鐐归タ浜嗭紝鍛靛懙鍛点锟
鏃犲悕杩欐墠闀垮嚭涓彛姘旓紝绔嬪嵆鎷ㄩ浜嗘梾绀炬鏈虹數璇濓紝缁欐柟鐏佃姖鍙簡涓楦¤泲姹わ紝澶栧彟涓や釜楦¤泲锟
瀵逛簬鍒氬ソ鐨勭梾浜猴紝鏃犲悕涔熺煡閬撲笉鑳介┈涓婂氨鍚冧竴浜涙补鑵荤殑椋熺墿锛屾墍浠ヤ篃灏变唬鏂圭伒鑺濆仛涓诲彨椁愶拷?
绛夋墍鏈夌殑椋熺墿涓嬭倸锛屾柟鐏佃姖浼间箮鍙堟潵浜嗙簿绁烇紝鍙槸濂瑰嵈鍙戠幇鏃犲悕宸茬粡瓒村湪鑷繁鐨勫簥杈圭潯鐫簡锟
鏂圭伒鑺濇濡傚ス鑷繁鎵鐨勯偅鏍凤紝骞寸邯铏界劧涓嶅ぇ锛屼絾鍗佷簲宀侊紝宸茬粡瓒冲鎳傚緱寰堝鐨勯亾鐞嗕簡锟
涓洿浠ユ潵锛屾棤鍚嶅湪浠栦滑鐨勭溂閲岄兘鏄棤姣旂殑绮剧锛屾矇闈欎腑閫忛湶鐫粷瀵圭殑鍧氬己锛屼粠鏉ユ病鏈夎剢寮辩殑鏃跺锛屽彲鏄鏃跺嵈姝ｅ畨闈欑殑瓒村湪浜嗗ス鐨勫簥杈癸紝鏂圭伒鑺濈殑鐪肩潧鍐嶆婀挎鼎浜嗭拷?
鈥滄棤鍚嶏紝灏嗘潵鎴戦暱澶т簡锛屼竴瀹氫